Theory: Welding is the process of joining pieces of metals together by fusing and coalescing them with the application of heat and filler metal.
Classification

Arc welding (SMAW) Metallic arc welding uses a metallic electrode of soft grade of iron, low carbon steel or other kind of filler rod or wire according to kind of work which is required to be done. The size of the wire used varies from 1/16 in to 3/16 in dia. The heat of the arc is not only sufficient to melt the end of the electrode, but also fuse the surface of the work being welded over a small area. The two metal being fused and at the same time coming into close contact cause complete intermixing. As supply of heat to the arc is constant, the deposition of metal from the electrode remains continuous and uniform.